Japan

Japan taxes a salary in two layers that run on different years. National income tax, with its 2.1% reconstruction surtax, is withheld from each month's pay in the current calendar year and settled by the employer's year-end adjustment, so most employees never file a return. Inhabitant tax, 10% split between the municipality and the prefecture, is charged on the previous year's income and collected from June, which is why a first year in work, or a year after a pay cut, looks different on the payslip. The take-home pay calculator shows both, with social insurance. Buying property costs registration and licence tax and real estate acquisition tax, both charged on the assessed value rather than the price, as the property tax calculator explains.

Three local rules shape the longer-term numbers. The public pension is payable from 65, and putting it back, as late as 75, raises the monthly amount for life, the one choice that shrinks what the retirement calculator needs you to save. Japanese card debt mostly comes through ribo-barai, where you set a fixed monthly payment and the balance revolves behind it, under an Interest Rate Restriction Act ceiling of 20% on small balances falling to 15% on large ones; enter your ribo-barai amount as a fixed payment in the credit card payoff calculator. And on a car, consumption tax is inside the price but the weight tax and registration are added on top, with the annual automobile tax and the periodic inspection, the shaken, outside the loan altogether in the car loan calculator.

The calculators below are set up for Japan, and each one says which of these rules it models. Every dataset behind them is listed at the foot of this page with the date it applies from.